全文获取类型
收费全文 | 96795篇 |
免费 | 8575篇 |
国内免费 | 4092篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 6164篇 |
技术理论 | 2篇 |
综合类 | 5973篇 |
化学工业 | 14893篇 |
金属工艺 | 5236篇 |
机械仪表 | 5753篇 |
建筑科学 | 7372篇 |
矿业工程 | 2133篇 |
能源动力 | 2887篇 |
轻工业 | 7496篇 |
水利工程 | 1917篇 |
石油天然气 | 4218篇 |
武器工业 | 705篇 |
无线电 | 12685篇 |
一般工业技术 | 12537篇 |
冶金工业 | 4776篇 |
原子能技术 | 1053篇 |
自动化技术 | 13662篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 187篇 |
2023年 | 1460篇 |
2022年 | 2281篇 |
2021年 | 3794篇 |
2020年 | 2746篇 |
2019年 | 2367篇 |
2018年 | 2675篇 |
2017年 | 3077篇 |
2016年 | 2709篇 |
2015年 | 3733篇 |
2014年 | 4953篇 |
2013年 | 6301篇 |
2012年 | 6779篇 |
2011年 | 7506篇 |
2010年 | 6502篇 |
2009年 | 6179篇 |
2008年 | 6070篇 |
2007年 | 5764篇 |
2006年 | 5594篇 |
2005年 | 4524篇 |
2004年 | 3002篇 |
2003年 | 2455篇 |
2002年 | 2418篇 |
2001年 | 2026篇 |
2000年 | 1883篇 |
1999年 | 1899篇 |
1998年 | 1788篇 |
1997年 | 1531篇 |
1996年 | 1369篇 |
1995年 | 1174篇 |
1994年 | 918篇 |
1993年 | 752篇 |
1992年 | 600篇 |
1991年 | 458篇 |
1990年 | 378篇 |
1989年 | 295篇 |
1988年 | 248篇 |
1987年 | 177篇 |
1986年 | 149篇 |
1985年 | 133篇 |
1984年 | 94篇 |
1983年 | 67篇 |
1982年 | 65篇 |
1981年 | 58篇 |
1980年 | 51篇 |
1979年 | 37篇 |
1978年 | 32篇 |
1977年 | 32篇 |
1976年 | 54篇 |
1973年 | 21篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
71.
Shilin Du Yichen Dong Feiqiang Guo Beile Tian Songbo Mao Lin Qian Chengyun Xin 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(27):14138-14147
The potential of using high metals containing coal gangue and lignite to prepare high-activity coal char-based catalysts is investigated for effective biomass tar decomposition. Loose structure and rough surface are formed for these char-based catalysts with heterogeneous distribution of a large number of inorganic particles. In the biomass tar decomposition, the performance of the coal char-based catalysts is significantly influenced by the content of the metals in the raw materials and coal gangue char (GC) with the ash content as high as 50.80% exhibits the highest activity in this work. A high biomass tar conversion efficiency of 93.5% is achieved at 800 °C along with a significant increase in the fuel gas product. During the five-time consecutive tests, the catalytic performance of GC increases a little at the second or third times reuse and remains relatively stable, showing the remarkable stability of the catalyst in biomass tar decomposition applications. 相似文献
72.
Hong Xiao Dexin Fang Yingjun Wang Yinlong Xiao Lin Luo Zhang Cheng Xiaohong Zhang Hong Peng 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(35):18401-18411
Nymphoides peltatum (NP) is exploited as a novel feedstock for biomethane production via anaerobic co-digestion with waste sludge (WS). Batch experiments are conducted under mesophilic condition at NP/WS of 1/3, 2/2, 3/1, 0/4 and 4/0 based on volatile solids (VS). Prior to anaerobic digestion (AD), NP undergoes only natural drying and grinding. The maximum net cumulative methane yield (265.16 mL CH4·g VSadded?1) and the highest gross VS removal rate (56.12%) are obtained at NP/WS of 1/3. The kinetic analysis by the modified Gompertz model fit hinted that 28 days is adequate for methane recovery and co-digestion significantly accelerates the digestion rate. Synergetic effect is corroborated to exist in co-digestion due to amiable conditions in term of total ammonia nitrogen, free ammonia, pH, volatile fatty acids and total alkalinity. High-throughput 16S rRNA pyrosequencing reveals that Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Methanosarcina and Methanosaeta are conducive to AD of NP. 相似文献
73.
Through a combined computational fluid dynamics and discrete element method approach, the effect of the operating parameters on the hydrodynamics and heat‐transfer properties of gas‐solid two‐phase flows in a spouted bed are extensively investigated. Considering the high velocity in the fountain region, gas turbulence is resolved by employing the large‐eddy simulation. The rolling friction model is adopted for more precise predictions of solid behavior near the wall. Subsequently, the gas‐solid flow patterns, gas‐solid velocities, and temperature evolution are investigated. Moreover, different operating conditions and geometry configurations are evaluated with respect to heat‐transfer performance. The results provide a fundamental understanding of heat‐transfer mechanisms in spouted beds. 相似文献
74.
Shuangjiang Feng Shuxue Wang Yuanfei Lv Lei He Qiurong Li Tao Zhang 《Polymer International》2019,68(3):494-502
Hydrogels have been widely used as mild biomaterials due to their bio‐affinity, high drug loading capability and controllable release profiles. However, hydrogel‐based carriers are greatly limited for the delivery of hydrophobic payloads due to the lack of hydrophobic binding sites. Herein, nano‐liposome micelles were embedded in semi‐interpenetrating poly[(N‐isopropylacrylamide)‐co‐chitosan] (PNIPAAm‐co‐CS) and poly[(N‐isopropylacrylamide)‐co‐(sodium alginate)] (PNIPAAm‐co‐SA) hydrogels which were responsive to both temperature and pH, thereby establishing tunable nanocomposite hydrogel delivery systems. Nano‐micelles formed via the self‐assembly of phospholipid could serve as the link between hydrophobic drug and hydrophilic hydrogel due to their special amphiphilic structure. The results of transmission and scanning electron microscopies and infrared spectroscopy showed that the porous hydrogels were successfully fabricated and the liposomes encapsulated with baicalein could be well contained in the network. In addition, the experimental results of response release in vitro revealed that the smart hydrogels showed different degree of sensitiveness under different pH and temperature stimuli. The results of the study demonstrate that combining PNIPAAm‐co‐SA and PNIPAAm‐co‐CS hydrogels with liposomes encapsulated with hydrophobic drugs is a feasible method for hydrophobic drug delivery and have potential application prospects in the medical field. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
75.
Li Lin Harry Haoxiang Wang Yuewei Liu Ciyong Lu Weiqing Chen Vivian Yawei Guo 《Indoor air》2021,31(6):2158-2166
A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the impact of solid fuel use for heating and cooking on blood pressure (BP) and hypertension, using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). The primary fuels used for indoor heating and cooking were collected by questionnaires, respectively. Hypertension was defined based on self-report of physician's diagnosis, and/or measured BP, and/or anti-hypertensive medication use. Multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to assess the associations. Among 10 450 eligible participants, 68.2% and 57.2% used indoor solid fuel for heating and cooking, respectively. Compared with none/clean fuel users, solid fuel for heating was associated with elevated BP (adjusted β: 2.02, 95% CI: 1.04–3.01 for systolic BP; adjusted β: 1.36, 95% CI: 0.78–1.94 for diastolic BP) and increased risk of hypertension (adjusted odds ratio: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.03–1.29). The impact of indoor solid fuel for heating on BP was more evident in rural and north residents, and hypertensive patients. We did not detect any significant associations between solid fuel use for cooking and BP/hypertension. Indoor solid fuel use is prevalent in China, especially in the rural areas. Its negative impact on BP suggested that modernization of household fuel use may help to reduce the burden of hypertension in China. 相似文献
76.
Jiajia Lu Guangfu Qian Lin Luo Huibing He Shibin Yin 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(1):676-682
The tungsten trioxide attracts less attention due to the low electron transfer kinetics that hinders the interaction of electrons and ions during the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). But the oxygen vacancy strategy can inspire its electrocatalytic activity for HER because it has a positive effect on improving the charge transfer and compensating for the weak hydrogen adsorption of the tungsten trioxide. By synthesizing a series of substoichiometric tungsten oxides, we reveal the linear relationship between the catalytic activity and the content of oxygen vacancies, which indicates that the oxygen vacancy strategy is an achievable route to enhance the HER for metal oxides. 相似文献
77.
Tian Xie Haixia Zhao Zunhang Lv Guangwen Xie Yan He 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(1):581-588
This work demonstrates a facile Nb2O5-decorated electrocatalyst to prepare cost-effective Ni–Fe–P–Nb2O5/NF and compared HER & OER performance in alkaline media. The prepared electrocatalyst presented an outstanding electrocatalytic performance towards hydrogen evolution reaction, which required a quite low overpotential of 39.05 mV at the current density of ?10 mA cm?2 in 1 M KOH electrolyte. Moreover, the Ni–Fe–P–Nb2O5/NF catalyst also has excellent oxygen evolution efficiency, which needs only 322 mV to reach the current density of 50 mA cm?2. Furthermore, its electrocatalytic performance towards overall water splitting worked as both cathode and anode achieved a quite low potential of 1.56 V (10 mA cm?2). 相似文献
78.
Theoretical investigation of solvent effects on the selective hydrogenation of furfural over Pt(111)
Jian Wang Cun-Qin Lv Jian-Hong Liu Rong-Rong Ren Gui-Chang Wang 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(2):1592-1604
It was well known that solvent effect plays a very important role in the catalytic reaction. There are many theoretical studies on the solvent effect in homogeneous catalysis while there are few theoretical studies on the solvent effect in the heterogeneous catalytic reaction and there has been no work to investigate the solvent effect on furfural transformation in heterogeneous catalysis. In the present work, both the density functional calculations and the microkinetic analysis were performed to study the selective hydrogenation of furfural over Pt(111) in the presence of methanol as well as toluene and compared with that in the gas condition. The present results indicated that the methanol can enhance the adsorption strength of furfural and other oxygen-containing reaction species due to its relatively strong polarity properties and this can be a main reason for solvent-induced high activity and selectivity. Another reason is that reaction paths study showed that the presence of methanol solvent makes the dehydrogenation of furfural less thermochemical due to the fact that furfural is more stabilized than that of dehydrogenation species, and methanol also has an inhibition effect on the dehydrogenation of furfural in the kinetic aspect, and further energetic span theory proves highest activity and selectivity for hydrogenation in methanol solvent of vapor, methanol and toluene. Moreover, microkinetic model simulation demonstrated that the activity and selectivity of hydrogenation in methanol is both higher than that in vapor and toluene. The much higher activity in methanol is due to the stabilized adsorbed reactants in the surface, which leads to a higher surface coverage of furfural. It might be proposed based on the present work that a solvent with relatively strong polarity may be favorable for the high selective hydrogenation of furfural. 相似文献
79.
Zhezhe Yu Chunyan Qiao Xueru Zhang Lin Yan Linqiang Li Yongfeng Liu 《Journal of dairy science》2021,104(4):4108-4118
Frozen milk can help producers overcome the seasonality of goat milk production, low goat production and short lactation periods, and avoid discarding milk during some special periods. We investigated effects of combination between freezing (cryogenic refrigerator of ?16 to ?20°C or ultra-cryogenic refrigerator of ?76 to ?80°C) and thawing (homeothermy of 20 to 25°C or refrigeration of 2 to 4°C) on nutritive compositions and physicochemical characteristics of raw goat milk during storage period (80 d). Compared with fresh goat milk, the frozen-thawed milk decreased contents of fat, protein, and lactose, as well as surface tension and stability coefficient, whereas increased effective diameter and polydispersity index. The average values of color values (L*, a*, and b*) in 4 group samples changed from 83.01 to 82.25, ?1.40 to ?1.54, 3.51 to 3.81, respectively, and the ΔE of most samples did not exceed 2. In contrast to the other 3 frozen-thawed treatments, goat milk treated with ultra-cryogenic freezing-homeothermic thawing (UFHT) possessed higher fat (5.20 g/100 g), smaller effective particle diameter (0.32 µm), and the lowest polydispersity index value (0.26). The color and confocal laser scanning microscopy images of UFHT were similar to those of fresh goat milk, illustrating UFHT was the optimal approach to maintain the natural quality of goat milk. Our finding provides a theoretical basis for producers to freeze surplus milk. 相似文献
80.
以某堤防上的涵闸工程为例,通过案例分析的方式阐述挡土墙设计的方法和要点,主要包括荷载计算与稳定性验算两个方面.在实际设计中,应结合施工需求与现实情况,选择恰当的墙体结构,并考虑到各类墙体施工的可行性与科学性,做好浸水后荷载计算、墙体优化设计等工作,使施工效率和质量得到全面保障. 相似文献